Abstract: Sympatric leopard cats (Prionailurus bengalensis) and Chinese ferret badgers (Melogale moschata) exhibit competitive interactions. To investigate their diel activity rhythms, temporal niche, and coexistence mechanisms, 60 infrared cameras were deployed for monitoring in Liannan Giant Salamander Nature Reserve, Guangdong Province, from May 2016 to March 2018. During this period, a total of 256 independent and valid photographs of leopard cats and 1 290 of Chinese ferret badgers were obtained. Analyses were conducted using kernel density estimation, overlap index, and relative abundance index. The results indicated that: (1) Chinese ferret badger was a typical nocturnal species with a bimodal activity pattern, peaking between 03:00–05:00 and 21:00–24:00. Leopard cat was primarily nocturnal but occasionally exhibited diurnal activity, showing distinct crepuscular peaks between 04:00–06:00 and 19:00–24:00. (2) The temporal overlap between leopard cats and Chinese ferret badgers was moderate (∆ = 0.77, P < 0.01), with overlapping activity concentrated between 18:00 and 06:00. (3) Both species showed high seasonal activity rhythm overlap within themselves (leopard cat: ∆ = 0.88, P = 0.13; Chinese ferret badger: ∆ = 0.91, P = 0.01), indicating no significant seasonal temporal niche differentiation. (4) Overlap between the two species was slightly higher in the cold season than in the warm season (cold season ∆ = 0.77, warm season ∆ = 0.73), suggesting increased activity frequency in the cold season without altering their diel activity patterns. (5) Population densities of both species across different elevations in the reserve were similar, with no significant differences in activity rhythms. Their densities were much higher in evergreen broadleaf forests than in evergreen-deciduous broadleaf mixed forests, indicating core distribution areas concentrated in mid-to-low elevation evergreen broadleaf forests. (6) Chinese ferret badgers were much more active in autumn and winter than in spring and summer, while leopard cats showed higher activity frequencies in June, August, December, and January. These findings show that leopard cats and Chinese ferret badgers can reduce competition and achieve coexistence by occupying different temporal niches, although temporal niche partitioning is not the primary factor facilitating their sympatric coexistence. It is recommended that the nature reserve should continue to strengthen wildlife monitoring efforts to track dynamic changes in wildlife resources.