Abstract: To evaluate summer performance and off-site cultivation adaptability of three wild peony species in Chengdu, and provide theoretical basis for protecting wild peony germplasm resources and improving the success rate of wild peony cultivated in different places. Wild individuals of 5-6-year-old P. rockii, P. decomposita and P. delavayi were selected as experimental materials, and the introduction experiment was carried out in Chengdu Tianpeng Peony Conservation and Development Center, and the differences of growth index and leaf physiological index of different wild peony species under the same cultivation conditions and high temperature in summer were compared and analyzed. Under prolonged summer heat, leaf MDA increased most in P. decomposita, then P. delavayi, and least in P. rockii. P. decomposita exhibited declins in SOD and CAT, with POD showing a transient increase followed by a decrease; P. delavayi and P. rockii exhibited decreases in SOD, CAT and POD, with P. rockii declining more slowly and not differing significantly from 'Jinyao Lou'. Phenologically, P. decomposita and P. rockii advanced flowering relative to their native sites; P. rockii flowered earlier, with more flowers and a longer bloom than P. decomposita. P. delavayi showed earlier germination but delayed bud formation and shortened flowering. After three wild peonies were introduced to the experimental field, their heat tolerance was shown as P. rockii > P. delavayi > P. decomposita. Among them, the heat tolerance of P. rockii showed no significant difference from that of the local 'Jinyao Lou'. The order of the field cultivation result was P. rockii > P. decomposita > P. delavayi. The introduction adaptability of P. rockii was better. For the other two species, cultivation and management measures should be taken after introduction to reduce the damage in order to improve their adaptability.