Abstract: This study quantifies drivers of plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) population density in Changsha Gongma Wetlands, an internationally significant conservation area. Using field surveys and analytical methods including ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey tests, and multiple linear regression (MLR), we assessed four anthropogenic factors: livestock grazing intensity, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) plant harvesting frequency, proximity to human settlements, and road disturbance impacts. Key findings indicate that pika density: 1) Increased significantly under moderate-to-heavy grazing (Grazing Levels 3-4; P<0.01). 2) Peaked at intermediate settlement distances (1-3 km; Zone 3) but declined at <500 m and >5 km (Zones 1 and 5). 3) Showed positive correlation (r=0.87) with road disturbance intensity, reaching maxima within 100 m of roads (Disturbance Level 3) TCM harvesting exhibited no significant relationship (P=0.31). An MLR model incorporating grazing intensity, settlement proximity, and road disturbance explained 92.4% of pika density variance. This demonstrates anthropogenic activities—primarily via habitat modification—drive pika distribution patterns. Results provide critical insights for conserving internationally protected wetlands while informing integrated pest management strategies.